The ever-evolving threat landscape keeps businesses on their toes. A recent joint advisory by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) highlights the growing threat posed by the Royal ransomware operation [1]. This article explores the tactics used by Royal, its impact on various sectors, and critical steps businesses can take to protect themselves. 

Royal Ransomware: Targeting Critical Infrastructure 

Royal ransomware has emerged as a major concern for critical infrastructure across the United States. The group has targeted various sectors, including healthcare, education, communications, and manufacturing [1]. Their attacks often follow a similar pattern: 

• Phishing Attacks: Royal actors use phishing emails containing malicious links to gain initial access to a victim’s network [1]. These links typically download malware that can disable security software and steal data. 
• Data Exfiltration: Once inside the network, attackers may exfiltrate sensitive information before encrypting critical systems, adding pressure to pay the ransom. 
• Ransom Demands: Royal demands vary but can range from $1 million to $11 million in Bitcoin [1]. Their ransom notes typically lack specific payment details but provide instructions for contacting the attackers. 

Royal’s Rise and Tactics 

First appearing in early 2022, Royal initially relied on third-party ransomware like Zeon [1]. However, they have since developed their own custom ransomware variant, showcasing their technical expertise. Experts believe the group may consist of experienced cybercriminals who collaborated in previous operations [2]. Similarities have been observed between Royal’s tactics and those used by Conti, a disbanded Russian hacking group [2]. 

Protecting Your Business from Royal Ransomware 

A proactive approach is crucial in the fight against ransomware. Here are some essential steps businesses can take to protect themselves: 

• Data Backups: Maintain regular and secure backups of your data. This ensures a clean copy is available for recovery in case of a ransomware attack. Consider the 3-2-1 backup rule: having 3 copies of your data, on 2 different media types, with 1 copy offsite.  
• Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Implement MFA to add an extra layer of security for user logins. This makes it significantly harder for attackers to gain access even if they steal a password.  
• Strong Passwords: Enforce strong password policies with regular password changes. Avoid using the same password across different accounts. 
• Security Software: Utilize up-to-date antivirus and anti-malware software to detect and prevent malware infections. 
• Network Monitoring: Implement security tools that monitor network activity for suspicious behavior that might indicate a potential attack. 
• Network Segmentation: Segment your network to minimize the potential impact of a breach by limiting attacker access to critical systems. 
• Software Updates: Regularly patch and update all software and operating systems to address known vulnerabilities. 
• Account Management: Regularly audit user accounts and disable unused services to minimize potential attack vectors. 

• Incident Response Plan: Develop a comprehensive incident response plan that outlines steps to take in case of a ransomware attack. This plan should include data recovery procedures, communication protocols, and potential legal considerations. 

Conclusion: Be Prepared, Not Just Protected 

Prevention is vital, but even the most secure systems can be compromised. Having a data recovery plan and a well-defined incident response strategy is crucial to minimize downtime and data loss in the event of a Royal ransomware attack. By following these best practices and staying vigilant, businesses can significantly improve their overall cybersecurity posture and mitigate the risk of ransomware attacks.